{"id":63702,"date":"2023-06-22T17:11:42","date_gmt":"2023-06-22T15:11:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/englishlane.net\/onlineskola\/?p=63702"},"modified":"2023-12-11T22:54:47","modified_gmt":"2023-12-11T21:54:47","slug":"pasiv-u-engleskom-jeziku","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/englishlane.net\/onlineskola\/pasiv-u-engleskom-jeziku\/","title":{"rendered":"Pasiv u engleskom jeziku"},"content":{"rendered":"

[et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”0px|0px|54px|0px||” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.16″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_post_title categories=”off” comments=”off” _builder_version=”4.16″ title_font=”|700|||||||” title_font_size=”30px” meta_font=”||||||||” background_color=”#ffffff” custom_css_post_image=”padding-top:20px;” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_post_title][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.20.4″ z_index_tablet=”500″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” link_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” link_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” ul_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” ul_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” ol_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” ol_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” quote_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” quote_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

Pasiv (Passive Voice) je konstrukcija koja se sastoji od subjekta, pomo\u0107nog glagola to be<\/em> i pro\u0161log participa glavnog glagola.<\/p>\n

Pasiv u engleskom – Upotreba<\/h2>\n

Pasiv se mnogo \u010de\u0161\u0107e koristi u engleskom nego u sprskom jeziku i to u slede\u0107im situacijama:<\/p>\n

1. kada vr\u0161ilac radnje nije poznat:<\/h4>\n

active:\u00a0Somebody stole my car last night.
<\/em>passive:\u00a0My car\u00a0was stolen<\/strong>\u00a0last night.<\/em><\/p>\n

2. kada vr\u0161ilac radnje nije bitan:<\/h4>\n

active:\u00a0They cleaned the room.
<\/em>passive:\u00a0The room\u00a0was cleaned<\/strong>.<\/em><\/p>\n

3. kada se nagla\u0161ava radnja a ne vr\u0161ilac radnje:<\/h4>\n

active:\u00a0They will produce 10 000 cars next year<\/em>.
passive:\u00a010 000 cars\u00a0will be produced<\/strong>\u00a0next year.<\/em><\/p>\n

4. kada je vr\u0161ilac radnje o\u010digledan:<\/h4>\n

active:\u00a0The police caught the burglar.
<\/em>passive:\u00a0The burglar\u00a0was caught<\/strong>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Pravila za gra\u0111enje pasivnih re\u010denica<\/h2>\n

Pravila koja va\u017ee za upotrebu odre\u0111enih vremena u aktivnom obliku, ista su i za pasivne oblike.<\/p>\n

To zna\u010di kada nau\u010di\u0161 kada se koristi neko vreme, recimo Present Simple, u istim situacijama \u0107e\u0161 koristiti i pasivan oblik za vreme Present Simple.<\/p>\n

Kako se prave pasivne re\u010denice?<\/h3>\n

Od aktivne re\u010denice se pravi pasivna na slede\u0107i na\u010din:<\/p>\n

Aktivna re\u010denica:\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Shakespeare wrote\u00a0Hamlet.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. objekat aktivne re\u010denice postaje subjekat pasivne (Hamlet<\/strong>)<\/li>\n
  2. dodaje se glagol TO BE koji \u0107e biti u vremenu u kom je glagol glavne re\u010denice; u ovom slu\u010daju to je Simple Past (be\u00a0<\/strong>\u2192<\/strong>\u00a0was<\/strong>)<\/li>\n
  3. dodaje se pro\u0161li particip glagola koji je upotrebljen u aktivnoj re\u010denici (write \u2013 written<\/strong>)<\/li>\n
  4. ako se pominje vr\u0161ilac radnje, dodaje se predlog\u00a0by\u00a0<\/em>a zatim i subjekat aktivne re\u010denice (by Shakespeare<\/strong>)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Pasivna re\u010denica:\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Hamlet was written by Shakespeare.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Ispod mo\u017eete pogledati tabelu vremena u engleskom jeziku koja se naj\u010de\u0161\u0107e pojavljuju u pasivu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    Tenses<\/td>\nActive<\/td>\nPassive<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Simple Present<\/td>\nHe\u00a0opens<\/strong>\u00a0the window.<\/td>\nThe window\u00a0is opened<\/strong>\u00a0by him.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Present Continuous<\/a><\/td>\nMolly\u00a0is writing<\/strong>\u00a0a letter.<\/td>\nThe letter\u00a0is being written<\/strong>\u00a0by Molly.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Simple Past<\/td>\nHe\u00a0repaired<\/strong>\u00a0the car.<\/td>\nThe car\u00a0was repaired<\/strong>\u00a0by him.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Past Continuous<\/td>\nThey\u00a0were building<\/strong>\u00a0new houses last summer.<\/td>\nNew houses\u00a0were being built<\/strong>\u00a0last summer.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Present Perfect<\/td>\nThey\u00a0have eaten<\/strong>\u00a0the whole cake.<\/td>\nThe whole cake\u00a0has been eaten<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Past Perfect<\/a><\/td>\nThe police\u00a0had found<\/strong>\u00a0the car.<\/td>\nThe car\u00a0had been found<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \n

    Simple Future<\/p>\n

    will<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		They\u00a0will never forget<\/strong>\u00a0that concert.<\/td>\nThat concert\u00a0will never be forgotten<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    Pasiv kod upitnih i odri\u010dnih re\u010denica<\/h2>\n

    Pasivne re\u010denice mogu biti i upitne i odri\u010dne, ali je postupak prebacivanja iz aktivne u pasivnu malo drugacijii jer je potrebno obratiti pa\u017enju na red re\u010di. Ovde uglavnom nastane zabuna jer red re\u010di u re\u010denici nije kao u potvrdnoj, pa samim tim ne zna\u0161 da li na prvo mesto upisati objekat ili gde dodati glagol to be<\/em>.<\/p>\n

    Kada se prave upitne i odri\u010dne re\u010denice u pasivu, savetuje se da takve re\u010denice prvo prebaci\u0161 u potvrdan oblik, a zatim pravi\u0161 pasivnu re\u010denicu. Na ovaj na\u010din \u0107e\u0161 postupno do\u0107i do re\u0161enja.<\/p>\n

    Za ovaj postupak ti je potrebno vi\u0161e vremena, ali \u0107e\u0161 ovako na jednostavan na\u010din nau\u010diti kako da prebaci\u0161 re\u010denicu iz pasivnog u aktivan oblik.<\/p>\n

    Evo i postupnog na\u010dina za pretvaranja aktivnih re\u010denica u pasivne.<\/p>\n

    Aktivna re\u010denica:\u00a0Do they sell fruit here?<\/em><\/p>\n

    1. Prvo re\u010denicu, koja je u ovom slu\u010daju upitna, prebacuje\u0161 u potvrdan oblik:<\/p>\n

    Do they sell fruit here?\u00a0<\/em>\u2192<\/em>\u00a0They sell fruit here.<\/em><\/p>\n

    2. Zatim tu potvrdnu re\u010denicu prebacuje\u0161 u pasivan oblik. Sledi postupak koji je obja\u0161njen iznad:<\/p>\n

    They sell fruit here.\u00a0<\/em>\u2192<\/em>\u00a0Fruit is sold here.<\/em><\/p>\n

    3. Na kraju od te dobijene pasivne recenice pravi\u0161 upitnu pasivnu re\u010denciu inverzijom, tj. zameni\u0161 mesta pomo\u0107nom glagolu i subjektu:<\/p>\n

    Fruit is sold here.\u00a0<\/em>\u2192<\/em>\u00a0Is fruit sold here?<\/em><\/p>\n

    Na isti na\u010din \u0107e\u0161 praviti i odri\u010dne pasivne re\u010denice.<\/p>\n

    \n

    The fire did not destroy their house.<\/em><\/p>\n

    \u2192<\/em>\u00a0<\/em>The fire destroyed their house.<\/p>\n

    \u2192<\/em>\u00a0<\/em>Their house was destroyed by the fire.<\/p>\n

    Their house was not destroyed by the fire.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

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