{"id":64128,"date":"2023-06-24T17:50:12","date_gmt":"2023-06-24T15:50:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/englishlane.net\/onlineskola\/?p=64128"},"modified":"2023-12-11T22:47:20","modified_gmt":"2023-12-11T21:47:20","slug":"indirektni-govor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/englishlane.net\/onlineskola\/indirektni-govor\/","title":{"rendered":"Indirektni govor"},"content":{"rendered":"

[et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”0px|0px|54px|0px||” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.16″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_post_title categories=”off” comments=”off” _builder_version=”4.16″ title_font=”|700|||||||” title_font_size=”30px” meta_font=”||||||||” background_color=”#ffffff” custom_css_post_image=”padding-top:20px;” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_post_title][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.21.0″ z_index_tablet=”500″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” link_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” link_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” ul_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” ul_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” ol_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” ol_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” quote_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” quote_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” global_colors_info=”{}”]Indirektni govor (reported speech)<\/strong>\u00a0je prepri\u010davanje onog \u0161to je neko rekao. U engleskom jeziku kod indirektnog govora dolazi do odre\u0111enih promena u re\u010denici prilikom prebacivanja re\u010denice iz direktnog u indirektni govor.<\/p>\n

Re\u010denica u indirektnom govoru zapo\u010dinje subjektom i uvodnim glagolom (reporting verb) –\u00a0say, tell, explain, warn, complain, demand, interrupt, insist, admit, ask…<\/em><\/p>\n

Indirektni govor: Statements (izjavne\/potvrdne re\u010denice)<\/strong>
\n<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Uvodni glagol u vremenu Present Simple<\/h4>\n

1. Kada je kod ovih re\u010denica uvodni glagol u vremenu Present Simple, vreme glavnog glagola (reported verb) se ne menja:<\/p>\n

\"Indirektni<\/p>\n

“I\u00a0<\/em>am watching<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0TV.”<\/em>
\nShe\u00a0<\/em>says<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0she\u00a0<\/em>is watching<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0TV.<\/em><\/p>\n

Uvodni glagol u vremenu Past Simple<\/h4>\n

2. Kada je kod ovih re\u010denica uvodni glagol u vremenu Past Simple, vreme glavnog glagola se pomera za jedno vreme unazad, \u0161to zna\u010di da dolazi do slaganja vremena, odnosno do slede\u0107e promene vremena:<\/p>\n

Present \u00a0\u00a0 (simple, continuous) \u2192 \u00a0\u00a0 Past (simple, continuous)<\/p>\n

Present Perfect \u00a0 (simple, continuous) \u2192 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Past Perfect (simple, continuous)<\/p>\n

Past \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (simple, continuous)\u00a0\u00a0 \u2192 \u00a0\u00a0 Past Perfect<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

“I\u00a0<\/em>am watching<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0TV.”<\/em>
\nShe\u00a0<\/em>said<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0she\u00a0<\/em>was watching<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0TV.<\/em><\/p>\n

Modalni glagol u indirektnom govoru<\/h4>\n

3. Modalni glagoli\u00a0may, can<\/em>\u00a0i\u00a0will<\/em>\u00a0prelaze u\u00a0might, could<\/em>\u00a0i\u00a0would<\/em>\u00a0kod slaganja vremena. Ostali modalni glagoli se ne menjaju prilikom promene vremena u indirektnom govoru.<\/p>\n

“She\u00a0<\/em>can<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0type well.”<\/em>
\nHe\u00a0<\/em>told<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0me she\u00a0<\/em>could<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0type well.<\/em><\/p>\n

“You\u00a0<\/em>should<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0go to bed.”<\/em>
\nHe\u00a0<\/em>told<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0her she\u00a0<\/em>should<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0go to bed.<\/em><\/p>\n

Zamenice u indirektnom govoru<\/h4>\n

4. Prilikom promene iz direktnog u indirektni govor, osim glagola, dolazi do promene zamenica, iz jednog lica u drugo (za prepri\u010davanje), dolazi i do promene objekatskih zamenica koje u indirektnom govoru postaju subjekatske.<\/p>\n

“<\/em>I<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0called\u00a0<\/em>you<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0on Monday<\/em>.”<\/em>
\nShe told\u00a0<\/em>she<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0had called\u00a0<\/em>us\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>on Monday<\/em>.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

I \u00a0\u2192 \u00a0She<\/em><\/p>\n

you \u00a0\u2192 \u00a0us<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Vi\u0161e o objekatskim i subjekatskim zamenicama pogledaj u lekciji o zamenicama.<\/p>\n

Vremenski izrazi<\/h4>\n

5. U indirektnom govoru dolazi i do promena odre\u0111enih vremenskih izraza.<\/p>\n

I bought the phone\u00a0today<\/strong>.<\/em><\/p>\n

He said he had bought the phone\u00a0that day<\/strong>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Ispod mo\u017ee\u0161 pogledati tabelu u kojoj se vide promene vremeniskih izraza u indirektnom govoru u engleskom jeziku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
 <\/p>\n

Direct Speech<\/strong><\/td>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Reported Speech<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

today<\/td>\nthat day<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
now<\/td>\nthen<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
yesterday<\/td>\nthe day before<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u2026 days ago<\/td>\n\u2026 days before<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
last week<\/td>\nthe week before<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
next year<\/td>\nthe following year<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
tomorrow<\/td>\nthe next day \/ the following day<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
here<\/td>\nthere<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
this<\/td>\nthat<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
these<\/td>\nthose<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

U engleskom jeziku, postoje posebna pravila za potvrdne i odri\u010dne re\u010denice (obja\u0161njenja iznad), a druga pravila se primenjuju za upitne re\u010denice i zahteve.<\/p>\n

Indirektni govor: Questions (pitanja u indirektnom govoru)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1. Pravila za slaganje vremena kod pitanja u indirektnom govoru, su ista kao i kod izjavnih re\u010denica.<\/p>\n

2. Red re\u010di u indirektnim pitanjima je isti kao u potvrdnoj re\u010denici, dakle nema inverzije koja se ina\u010de koristi za pravljenje re\u010denica u upitnom obliku.<\/p>\n

He asks: “Where\u00a0does Tom live<\/strong>?”<\/em><\/p>\n

She asks where Tom lives<\/strong>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Iako je upotrebljena inverzija i pomo\u0107ni glagol u upitnoj re\u010denici, kada se ta re\u010denica prepri\u010dava kori\u0161\u0107enjem indirektog govora, red re\u010di se vra\u0107a u potvrdan oblik. Dakle upitan oblik vremena Present Simple (does Tom live) prelazi u potvrdan oblik vremena Present Simple (Tom lives).<\/p>\n

He<\/em>\u00a0asked:\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>“When\u00a0does the bus leave<\/strong>?”<\/em><\/p>\n

He asked when\u00a0the bus left<\/strong>.<\/em><\/p>\n

U ovom primeru, uvodni glagol je u pro\u0161lom vremenu, \u0161to zna\u010di da dolazi do slaganja vremena, a uz to treba i vratiti red re\u010di kao za potvrdnu re\u010denicu po\u0161to se radi o indirektnom pitanju.<\/p>\n

3.\u00a0Ako u re\u010denici postoji\u00a0upitna re\u010d (what, where, when..<\/em>.)\u00a0ona se upotrebljava u indirektnom pitanju. Ako nema upitne re\u010di koristi se\u00a0if\u00a0<\/strong><\/em>ili\u00a0whether<\/strong><\/em>.<\/p>\n

She asked me\u00a0<\/em>what<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0I was doing.<\/em>
\nI don\u2019t know\u00a0<\/em>if<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0I\u2019m coming or not.<\/em>
\nI wonder\u00a0<\/em>whether<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0it\u2019s going to rain.<\/em><\/p>\n

4. Osim glagola\u00a0ask<\/em>\u00a0koji se \u010desto koristi, evo jo\u0161 nekih na\u010dini za uvo\u0111enje indirektnih pitanja:<\/p>\n

Could you tell me\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0<\/em>
\nDo you know\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0<\/em>
\nHave you any idea\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0<\/em>
\nDo you remember\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0<\/em>
\nWould you mind telling me<\/em>
\nDo you happen to know\u00a0 \u00a0<\/em>
\nI don\u2019t know\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0<\/em>
\nI wonder\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0<\/em>
\nI can\u2019t remember\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0<\/em>
\nI have no idea\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/em>
\nI would like to know\u00a0<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Reported commands, requests… (zahtevi, naredbe u indirektnom govoru)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1. U indirektnim re\u010denicama, kada\u00a0se\u00a0izra\u017eava\u00a0neki zahtev, nare\u0111enje, savet… koristi se slede\u0107i obrazac za potvrdne re\u010denice:<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 verb\u00a0\u00a0 +\u00a0 person\u00a0 +\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 to\u00a0\u00a0 + \u00a0 infinitive<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

They \u00a0 \u00a0 told\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 us \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0to\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 go<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 away.<\/em><\/p>\n

2. Za odri\u010dne re\u010denice koristi se slede\u0107i obrazac:<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 verb\u00a0\u00a0 +\u00a0\u00a0 person +\u00a0 not\u00a0\u00a0 +\u00a0\u00a0 to\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 +\u00a0 infinitive
\n<\/em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u00a0He told\u00a0<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0me\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 not\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 to \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 tell<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 anyone.<\/em>
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